Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Control in Wheat Through Integration of Tillage, Seeding Rate, and Herbicide Application

Abstract Avena sterilis ssp. ludoviciana (Durieu) is a problematic weed in the wheat crop of Australia. Pinoxaden an effective herbicide for control this weed. However, late cohorts A. escape from early application pinoxaden and produce seeds. This research investigated integrated effect tillage systems (no-tillage conventional tillage), seeding rates (100 200 seeds m −2 ), treatments (nontreated at Z12 Z33 stages wheat) on yield. The yield remained similar no-tillage systems; however, system helped reducing seed production by 28% compared with system. In nontreated control, increased rate reduced biomass 33 66%, respectively, low rate. These results suggest that high could be useful organic wheat. Application resulted improvement grain 170 150%, control. At both rates, stage 99% implied delayed effectively without compromising as treatment was to stage.